Γράμμα πανεπιστημιακών προς Ομπάμα
May 18, 2009
May 18, 2009
The Honorable Barack Obama
President, United States of America
White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20500
President, United States of America
White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20500
Dear President Obama,
We, the undersigned scholars of Graeco-Roman antiquity, respectfully
request that you intervene to clean up some of the historical debris left in
southeast Europe by the previous U.S. administration.
On November 4, 2004, two days after the re-election of President George W.
Bush, his administration unilaterally recognized the “Republic of Macedonia.”
This action not only abrogated geographic and historic fact, but it also has
unleashed a dangerous epidemic of historical revisionism, of which the most
obvious symptom is the misappropriation by the government in Skopje
of the most famous of Macedonians, Alexander the Great.
We believe that this silliness has gone too far, and that the U.S.A. has no
business in supporting the subversion of history. Let us review facts. (The
documentation for these facts [here in boldface] can be found attached
and at: http://macedonia-evidence.org/documentation.html)
The land in question, with its modern capital at Skopje, was called Paionia in antiquity. Mts.
Barnous and Orbelos (which form today the northern limits of Greece) provide a
natural barrier that separated, and separates, Macedonia from its northern
neighbor. The only real connection is along the Axios/Vardar River and even this
valley “does not form a line of communication because it
is divided by gorges.”
While it is true that the Paionians were subdued by Philip II, father of Alexander, in 358
B.C. they were not Macedonians and did not live in Macedonia. Likewise, for
example, the Egyptians, who were subdued by Alexander, may have been ruled by
Macedonians, including the famous Cleopatra, but they were never Macedonians
themselves, and Egypt was never called Macedonia.
Rather, Macedonia and Macedonian Greeks have been located for at least 2,500 years just where
the modern Greek province of Macedonia is. Exactly this same relationship is
true for Attica and Athenian Greeks, Argos and Argive Greeks, Corinth and
Corinthian Greeks, etc.
We do not understand how the modern inhabitants of ancient Paionia, who
speak Slavic – a language introduced into the Balkans about a millennium after the death of Alexander – can claim him as their national hero. Alexander the Great was thoroughly and indisputably Greek. His
great-great-great grandfather, Alexander I, competed in the Olympic Games where
participation was limited to Greeks.
Even before Alexander I, the Macedonians traced their ancestry to Argos,
and many of their kings used the head of Herakles - the quintessential Greek
hero - on their coins.
Euripides – who died and was buried in Macedonia– wrote his play Archelaos in honor of the great-uncle of Alexander,
and in Greek. While in Macedonia, Euripides also wrote the Bacchai,
again in Greek. Presumably the Macedonian audience could understand what he
wrote and what they heard.
Alexander’s father, Philip, won several equestrian victories at Olympia and Delphi, the two most Hellenic of all the sanctuaries in ancient Greece where
non-Greeks were not allowed to compete. Even more significantly, Philip was
appointed to conduct the Pythian Games at Delphi in 346 B.C. In
other words, Alexander the Great’s father and his ancestors were thoroughly
Greek. Greek was the language used by Demosthenes and his delegation from Athens when they paid visits to
Philip, also in 346 B.C.
Another northern Greek, Aristotle, went off
to study for nearly 20 years in the Academy of Plato. Aristotle subsequently
returned to Macedonia and became the tutor of Alexander III. They used Greek in their
classroom which can still be seen near
Naoussa in Macedonia.
Alexander carried with him throughout his conquests Aristotle’s edition of Homer’s Iliad. Alexander
also spread Greek language and culture throughout his empire, founding cities and establishing centers of learning. Hence inscriptions concerning such typical Greek institutions as the
gymnasium are found as far away as Afghanistan. They are all written in Greek.
The questions follow: Why was Greek the lingua franca all over
Alexander’s empire if he was a “Macedonian”? Why was the New Testament, for
example, written in Greek?
The answers are clear: Alexander the Great was Greek, not Slavic, and Slavs and their language were nowhere near Alexander or his homeland until
1000 years later. This brings
us back to the geographic area known in antiquity as Paionia. Why would the
people who live there now call themselves Macedonians and their land Macedonia?
Why would they abduct a completely Greek figure and make him their national
hero?
The ancient Paionians may or may not have been
Greek, but they certainly became Greekish, and they
were never Slavs. They were also not Macedonians. Ancient Paionia was a part of
the Macedonian Empire. So were Ionia and Syria and Palestine and Egypt and
Mesopotamia and Babylonia and Bactria and many more. They may thus have become
“Macedonian” temporarily, but none was ever “Macedonia”. The theft of Philip
and Alexander by a land that was never Macedonia cannot be justified.
The traditions of ancient Paionia could be adopted by the current residents
of that geographical area with considerable justification. But the extension of
the geographic term “Macedonia” to cover southern Yugoslavia cannot. Even in
the late 19th century, this misuse implied unhealthy territorial aspirations.
The same motivation is to be seen in school maps that show the pseudo-greater
Macedonia, stretching from Skopje to Mt. Olympus and labeled in Slavic. The
same map and its claims are in calendars, bumper stickers, bank notes, etc., that have been
circulating in the new state ever since it declared its independence from
Yugoslavia in 1991. Why would a poor land-locked new state attempt such
historical nonsense? Why would it brazenly mock and provoke its neighbor?
However one might like to characterize such behavior, it is clearly not a force
for historical accuracy, nor for stability in the Balkans. It is sad that the
United States of America has abetted and encouraged such behavior.
We call upon you, Mr. President, to help - in whatever ways you deem
appropriate - the government in Skopje to understand that it cannot build a
national identity at the expense of historic truth. Our common international
society cannot survive when history is ignored, much less when history is
fabricated.
Sincerely,
NAME
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TITLE
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INSTITUTION
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Anagnostis P. Agelarakis, Professor of Anthropology, Adelphi University
(USA)
Ioannis M. Akamatis, Professor of Classical Archaeology, University of
Thessaloniki (Greece)
June W. Allison, Professor Emerita, Department of Greek and Latin, The Ohio
State University (USA)
Georgios Anagnostopoulos, Professor of Philosophy, University of
California-San Diego (USA)
Mariana Anagnostopoulos, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, California
State University, Fresno (USA)
Ronnie Ancona, Professor of Classics, Hunter College and The Graduate Center,
CUNY (USA)
John P. Anton, Distinguished Professor of Greek Philosophy and Culture
University of South Florida (USA)
Dr. Norman George Ashton, Senior Honorary Research Fellow, The University
of Western Australia (Australia)
Lucia Athanassaki, Associate Professor of Classical Philology, University
of Crete (Greece)
Effie F. Athanassopoulos, Associate Professor Anthropology and Classics,
University of Nebraska-Lincoln (USA)
Harry C. Avery, Professor of Classics, University of Pittsburgh (USA)
Dr. Dirk Backendorf. Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur Mainz
(Germany)
Elizabeth C. Banks, Associate Professor of Classics (ret.), University of
Kansas (USA)
Leonidas Bargeliotes, Emeritus Professor of Philosophy, University of
Athens, President of the Olympic Center for Philosophy and Culture (Greece)
Alice Bencivenni, Ricercatore di Storia Greca, Università di Bologna
(Italy)
David L. Berkey, Assistant Professor of History, California State
University, Fresno (USA)
Luigi Beschi, professore emerito di Archeologia Classica, Università di
Firenze (Italy)
Josine H. Blok, professor of Ancient History and Classical Civilization,
Utrecht University (The Netherlands)
Alan Boegehold, Emeritus Professor of Classics, Brown University (USA)
Efrosyni Boutsikas, Lecturer of Classical Archaeology, University of Kent
(UK)
Ewen Bowie, Emeritus Fellow, Corpus Christi College, Oxford (UK)
Keith Bradley, Eli J. and Helen Shaheen Professor of Classics, Concurrent
Professor of History, University of Notre Dame (USA)
Kostas Buraselis, Professor of Ancient History, University of Athens
(Greece)
Stanley M. Burstein, Professor Emeritus, California State University, Los
Angeles (USA)
Francis Cairns, Professor of Classical Languages, The Florida State
University (USA)
John McK. Camp II, Agora Excavations and Professor of Archaeology, ASCSA,
Athens (Greece)
David A. Campbell, Emeritus Professor of Classics. University of Victoria,
B.C. (Canada)
Paul Cartledge, A.G. Leventis Professor of Greek Culture, University of
Cambridge (UK)
Paavo Castren, Professor of Classical Philology Emeritus, University of
Helsinki (Finland)
William Cavanagh, Professor of Aegean Prehistory, University of Nottingham
(UK)
Angelos Chaniotis, Professor, Senior Research Fellow, All Souls College,
Oxford (UK)
Paul Christesen, Professor of Ancient Greek History, Dartmouth College
(USA)
James J. Clauss, Professor of Classics, University of Washington (USA)
Ada Cohen, Associate Professor of Art History, Dartmouth College (USA)
Randall M. Colaizzi, Lecturer in Classical Studies, University of
Massachusetts-Boston (USA)
Kathleen M. Coleman, Professor of Latin, Harvard University (USA)
Rev. Dr. Demetrios J Constantelos, Charles Cooper Townsend Professor of
Ancient and Byzantine history, Emeritus; Distinguished Research Scholar in
Residence at the Richard Stockton College of New Jersey (USA)
Michael B. Cosmopoulos, Ph.D., Professor and Endowed Chair in Greek
Archaeology, University of Missouri-St. Louis (USA)
Carole L. Crumley, PhD., Professor of European Archaeology, University of
North Carolina, Chapel Hill (USA)
Kevin F. Daly, Assistant Professor of Classics, Bucknell University (USA)
Joseph W. Day, Professor of Classics, Wabash College (USA)
François de Callataÿ, Professor of Monetary and financial history of the
Greek world, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (Paris/Sorbonne) and Professor of
Financial history of the Greco-Roman world, Université libre de Bruxelles
(France and Brussels)
Wolfgang Decker, Professor emeritus of sport history, Deutsche
Sporthochschule, Köln (Germany)
Luc Deitz, Außerplanmäßger Professor of Mediaeval and Renaissance Latin,
University of Trier (Germany), and Curator of manuscripts and rare books,
National Library of Luxembourg (Luxembourg)
Charalambos Dendrinos, Lecturer in Byzantine Literature and Greek
Palaeography, Acting Director, The Hellenic Institute, Royal Holloway,
University of London (UK)
Michael Dewar, Professor of Classics, University of Toronto (Canada)
John D. Dillery, Associate Professor of Classics, University of Virginia
(USA
John Dillon, Emeritus Professor of Greek, Trinity College Dublin (Ireland)
Sheila Dillon, Associate Professor, Depts. of Art, Art History & Visual
Studies and Classical Studies, Duke University (USA)
Michael D. Dixon, Associate Professor of History, University of Southern
Indiana (USA)
Douglas Domingo-Foraste, Professor of Classics, California State
University, Long Beach (USA)
Myrto Dragona-Monachou, Professor emerita of Philosophy, University of
Athens (Greece)
Stella Drougou, Professor of Classical Archaeology, Aristotle University of
Thessaloniki (Greece)
Pierre Ducrey, professeur honoraire, Université de Lausanne (Switzerland)
John Duffy, Professor, Department of the Classics, Harvard University (USA)
Roger Dunkle, Professor of Classics Emeritus, Brooklyn College, City
University of New York (USA)
Michael M. Eisman, Associate Professor Ancient History and Classical
Archaeology, Department of History, Temple University (USA)
Mostafa El-Abbadi, Professor Emeritus, University of Alexandria (Egypt)
R. Malcolm Errington, Professor für Alte Geschichte (Emeritus)
Philipps-Universität, Marburg (Germany)
Christos C. Evangeliou, Professor of Ancient Hellenic Philosophy, Towson
University, Maryland, Honorary President of International Association for Greek
Philosophy (USA)
Panagiotis Faklaris, Assistant Professor of Classical Archaeology,
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (Greece)
Denis Feeney, Giger Professor of Latin, Princeton University (USA)
Michael Ferejohn, Associate Professor of Ancient Philosophy, Duke
University (USA)
Kleopatra Ferla, Ph.D. in Ancient History, Head of Research and Management
of Cultural Information, Foundation of the Hellenic World, Athens (Greece)
Elizabeth A. Fisher, Professor of Classics and Art History, Randolph-Macon
College (USA)
Nick Fisher, Professor of Ancient History, Cardiff University (UK)
R. Leon Fitts, Asbury J Clarke Professor of Classical Studies, Emeritus,
FSA, Scot., Dickinson Colllege (USA)
John M. Fossey FRSC, FSA, Emeritus Professor of Art History (and
Archaeology), McGill Univertsity, Montreal, and Curator of Archaeology,
Montreal Museum of Fine Arts (Canada)
Dr. Athanasios Fotiou, Adjunct Professor, College of the Humanities, Greek
and Roman Studies, Carleton University, Ottawa (Canada)
Robin Lane Fox, University Reader in Ancient History, New College, Oxford
(UK)
Dr. Lee Fratantuono, William Francis Whitlock Professor of Latin, Ohio
Wesleyan University (USA)
Stavros Frangoulidis, Associate Professor of Latin. Aristotelian University
of Thessaloniki (Greece)
William K. Freiert, Professor of Classics and Hanson-Peterson Chair of
Liberal Studies, Gustavus Adolphus College (USA)
Rainer Friedrich, Professor of Classics Emeritus, Dalhousie University,
Halifax, N.S. (Canada)
Heide Froning, Professor of Classical Archaeology, University of Marburg
(Germany)
Peter Funke, Professor of Ancient History, University of Münster (Germany)
Traianos Gagos, Professor of Greek and Papyrology, University of Michigan
(USA)
Karl Galinsky, Cailloux Centennial Professor of Classics, University of
Texas, Austin (USA)
Robert Garland, Roy D. and Margaret B. Wooster Professor of the Classics,
Colgate University, Hamilton NY (USA)
Hans-Joachim Gehrke, Prof. Dr., President of the German Archaeological
Institute Berlin (Germany)
Dr. Ioannis Georganas, Researcher, Department of History and Archaeology,
Foundation of the Hellenic World (Greece)
Douglas E. Gerber, Professor Emeritus of Classical Studies, University of
Western Ontario (Canada)
Dr. Andre Gerolymatos, Chair and Professor of Hellenic Studies, Simon
Fraser University (Canada)
Stephen L. Glass, John A. McCarthy Professor of Classics & Classical
Archaeology, Pitzer College: The Claremont Colleges (USA)
Hans R. Goette, Professor of Classical Archaeology, University of Giessen
(Germany); German Archaeological Institute, Berlin (Germany)
Sander M. Goldberg, Professor of Classics, UCLA (USA)
Mark Golden, Professor, Department of Classics, University of Winnipeg
(Canada)
Ellen Greene, Joseph Paxton Presidential Professor of Classics, University
of Oklahoma (USA)
Robert Gregg, Teresa Moore Professor of Religious Studies, Emeritus,
Director, The Abbasi Program in Islamic Studies, Stanford University (USA)
Frederick T. Griffiths, Professor of Classics, Amherst College (USA)
Dr. Peter Grossmann, Member emeritus, German Archaeological Institute,
Cairo (Egypt)
Erich S. Gruen, Gladys Rehard Wood Professor of History and Classics,
Emeritus, University of California, Berkeley (USA)
Martha Habash, Associate Professor of Classics, Creighton University (USA)
Christian Habicht, Professor of Ancient History, Emeritus, Institute for
Advanced Study, Princeton (USA)
Donald C. Haggis, Nicholas A. Cassas Term Professor of Greek Studies,
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (USA)
Judith P. Hallett, Professor of Classics, University of Maryland, College
Park, MD (USA)
Kim Hartswick, Academic Director, CUNY Baccalaureate for Unique and
Interdisciplinary Studies, New York City (USA)
Prof. Paul B. Harvey, Jr. Head, Department of Classics and Ancient
Mediterranean Studies, The Pennsylvania State University (USA)
Eleni Hasaki, Associate Professor of Classical Archaeology, University of
Arizona (USA)
Rosalia Hatzilambrou, Ph.D., Researcher, Academy of Athens (Greece)
Miltiades B. Hatzopoulos, Director, Research Centre for Greek and Roman
Antiquity, National Research Foundation, Athens (Greece)
Stephan Heilen, Associate Professor of Classics, University of Illinois at
Urbana- Champaign (USA)
Wolf-Dieter Heilmeyer, Prof. Dr., Freie Universität Berlin und
Antikensammlung der Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin (Germany)
Pontus Hellstrom, Professor of Classical archaeology and ancient history,
Uppsala University (Sweden)
Steven W. Hirsch, Associate Professor of Classics and History, Tufts
University (USA)
Karl-J. Holkeskamp, Professor of Ancient History, University of Cologne
(Germany)
Frank L. Holt, Professor of Ancient History, University of Houston (USA)
Dan Hooley, Professor of Classics, University of Missouri (USA)
Meredith C. Hoppin, Gagliardi Professor of Classical Languages, Williams
College, Williamstown, MA (USA)
Caroline M. Houser, Professor of Art History Emerita, Smith College (USA)
and Affiliated Professor, University of Washington (USA)
Professor Carl Huffman, Department of Classics, DePauw University (USA)
John Humphrey, Professor of Greek and Roman Studies, University of Calgary
(Canada)
Frosen Jaakko, Professor of Greek philology, University of Helsinki
(Finland)
Dr Thomas Johansen, Reader in Ancient Philosophy, University of Oxford (UK)
Vincent Jolivet, Archaeologist CNRS, Paris [French School Rome] (Italy)
Georgia Kafka, Visiting Professor of Modern Greek Language, Literature and
History, University of New Brunswick (Canada)
Mika Kajava, Professor of Greek Language and Literature; Head of the
Department of Classical Studies, University of Helsinki (Finland)
Anthony Kaldellis, Professor of Greek and Latin, The Ohio State University
(USA)
Eleni Kalokairinou, Assistant Professor of Philosophy, Secretary of the
Olympic Center of Philosophy and Culture (Cyprus)
Lilian Karali, Professor of Prehistoric and Environmental Archaeology,
University of Athens (Greece)
Andromache Karanika, Assistant Professor of Classics, University of
California, Irvine (USA)
Robert A. Kaster, Professor of Classics and Kennedy Foundation Professor of
Latin, Princeton University (USA)
Dr. Athena Kavoulaki, Lecturer, Department of Philology, University of
Crete, Rethymnon (Greece)
Vassiliki Kekela, Adjunct Professor of Greek Studies, Classics Department,
Hunter College, City University of New York (USA)
John F. Kenfield, Associate Professor, Department of Art History, Rutgers
University (USA)
Dietmar Kienast, Professor Emeritus of Ancient History, University of
Düsseldorf (Germany)
Karl Kilinski II, University Distinguished Teaching Professor, Southern
Methodist University (USA)
Dr. Florian Knauss, associate director, Staatliche Antikensammlungen und
Glyptothek München (Germany)
Denis Knoepfler, Professor of Greek Epigraphy and History, Collège de
France (Paris, France)
Ortwin Knorr, Associate Professor of Classics, Willamette University (USA)
Robert B. Koehl, Professor of Archaeology, Department of Classical and
Oriental Studies Hunter College, City University of New York (USA)
Thomas Koentges, Visiting lecturer, Ancient History, University of Leipzig
(Germany)
Georgia Kokkorou-Alevras, Professor of Classical Archaeology, University of
Athens (Greece)
Ann Olga Koloski-Ostrow, Associate Professor and Chair, Department of
Classical Studies, Brandeis University (USA)
Eric J. Kondratieff, Assistant Professor of Classics and Ancient History,
Department of Greek & Roman Classics, Temple University (USA)
Dr Eleni Kornarou, Visiting Lecturer of Ancient Greek Literature, Dept. of
Classic and Philosophy, University of Cyprus (Cyprus)
Haritini Kotsidu, Apl. Prof. Dr. für Klassische Archäologie,
Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt/M. (Germany)
Lambrini Koutoussaki, Dr., Lecturer of Classical Archaeology, University of
Zürich (Switzerland)
David Kovacs, Hugh H. Obear Professor of Classics, University of Virginia
(USA)
Prof. Dr. Ulla Kreilinger, Institut für Klassische Archäologie, Universität
Erlangen (Germany)
Dr. Christos Kremmydas, Lecturer in Ancient Greek History, Royal Holloway,
University of London (UK)
Peter Krentz, W. R. Grey Professor of Classics and History, Davidson
College (USA)
Friedrich Krinzinger, Professor of Classical Archaeology Emeritus,
University of Vienna (Austria)
Michael Kumpf, Professor of Classics, Valparaiso University (USA)
Donald G. Kyle, Professor of History, University of Texas at Arlington
(USA)
Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Helmut Kyrieleis, former president of the German
Archaeological Institute, Berlin (Germany)
Margaret L. Laird, Assistant Professor, Roman art and archaeology,
University of Washington (USA)
Gerald V. Lalonde, Benedict Professor of Classics, Grinnell College (USA)
Steven Lattimore, Professor Emeritus of Classics, University of California,
Los Angeles (USA)
Francis M. Lazarus, President, University of Dallas (USA)
Mary R. Lefkowitz, Andrew W. Mellon Professor in the Humanities, Emerita
Wellesley College (USA)
Irene S. Lemos FSA, Professor in Classical Archaeology,, S.Ioannou Centre
for Classical and Byzantine Studies, Oxford University (UK)
Ioannes G. Leontiades, Assistant Professor of Byzantine History, Aristotle
University of Thessaloniki (Greece)
Iphigeneia Leventi, Assistant Professor of Classical Archaeology,
University of Thessaly (Greece)
Daniel B. Levine, Professor of Classical Studies, University of Arkansas
(USA)
Christina Leypold, Dr. phil., Archaeological Institute, University of
Zürich (Switzerland)
Vayos Liapis, Associate Professor of Greek, Centre d’Etudes Classiques
& Departement de Philosophie, Université de Montreal (Canada)
Hugh Lloyd-Jones, Professor of Greek Emeritus, University of Oxford (UK)
Yannis Lolos, Assistant Professor, History, Archaeology, and Anthropology,
University of Thessaly (Greece)
Stanley Lombardo, Professor of Classics, University of Kansas (USA)
Anthony Long, Professor of Classics and Irving G. Stone Professor of
Literature, University of California, Berkeley (USA)
Julia Lougovaya, Assistant Professor, Department of Classics, Columbia University
(USA)
Dr. John Ma, Lecturer in Ancient History, Oxford University and Tutorial
Fellow in Ancient History, Corpus Christi College, Oxford (UK)
A.D. Macro, Hobart Professor of Classical Languages emeritus, Trinity
College (USA)
John Magee, Professor, Department of Classics, Director, Centre for
Medieval Studies, University of Toronto (Canada)
Dr. Christofilis Maggidis, Associate Professor of Archaeology, Dickinson
College (USA)
Chryssa Maltezou, Professor emeritus, University of Athens, Director of the
Hellenic Institute of Byzantine and Postbyzantine Studies in Venice (Italy)
Jeannette Marchand, Assistant Professor of Classics, Wright State
University, Dayton, Ohio (USA)
Evangeline Markou, Adjunct Lecturer in Greek History, Open University of
Cyprus (Cyprus)
Anna Marmodoro, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Oxford (UK)
Richard P. Martin, Antony and Isabelle Raubitschek Professor in Classics,
Stanford University (USA)
Maria Mavroudi, Professor of Byzantine History, University of California,
Berkeley (USA)
Jody Maxmin, Associate Professor, Dept. of Art & Art History, Stanford
University (USA)
Alexander Mazarakis-Ainian, Professor of Classical Archaeology, University
of Thessaly (Greece)
James R. McCredie, Sherman Fairchild Professor emeritus; Director,
Excavations in Samothrace Institute of Fine Arts, New York University (USA)
Brian McGing M.A., Ph.D., F.T.C.D., M.R.I.A., Regius Professor of Greek,
Trinity College Dublin (Ireland)
James C. McKeown, Professor of Classics, University of Wisconsin-Madison
(USA)
Richard McKirahan, Edwin Clarence Norton of Classics and Professor of
Philosophy, Pitzer College: The Claremont Colleges (USA)
Robert A. Mechikoff, Professor and Life Member of the International Society
of Olympic Historians, San Diego State University (USA)
Andreas Mehl, Professor of Ancient History, Universität Halle-Wittenberg
(Germany)
John Richard Melville-Jones, Winthrop Professor, Classics and Ancient
History, University of Western Australia (Australia)
Marion Meyer, Professor of Classical Archaeology, University of Vienna
(Austria)
Dr. Aristotle Michopoulos, Professor & Chair, Greek Studies Dept.,
Hellenic College (Brookline, MA, USA)
Harald Mielsch, Professor of Classical Archaeology, University of Bonn
(Germany)
Stephen G. Miller, Professor of Classical Archaeology Emeritus, University
of California, Berkeley (USA)
Lynette G. Mitchell, Senior Lecturer in Classics & Ancient History,
Exeter University (UK)
Phillip Mitsis, A.S. Onassis Professor of Classics and Philosophy, New York
University (USA)
Peter Franz Mittag, Professor für Alte Geschichte, Universität zu Köln
(Germany)
David Gordon Mitten, James Loeb Professor of Classical Art and Archaeology,
Harvard University (USA)
Mette Moltesen, MA, Curator of Ancient Art, Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek,
Copenhagen (Denmark)
Margaret S. Mook, Associate Professor of Classical Studies, Iowa State
University (USA)
Anatole Mori, Associate Professor of Classical Studies, University of
Missouri- Columbia (USA)
William S. Morison, Associate Professor of Ancient History, Grand Valley
State University (USA)
Jennifer Sheridan Moss, Associate Professor, Wayne State University (USA)
Aliki Moustaka, Professor of Classical Archaeology, Aristotelian University
of Thessaloniki (Greece)
Mark Munn, Professor of Ancient Greek History and Greek Archaeology, the
Pennsylvania State University (USA)
Ioannis Mylonopoulos, Assistant Professor of Greek Art History and
Archaeology, Columbia University, New York (USA)
Alexander Nehamas, Edmund N. Carpenter II Class of 1943 Professor in the
Humanities, Professor of Philosophy and Comparative Literature, Princeton
University (USA)
Richard Neudecker, PD of Classical Archaeology, Deutsches Archäologisches
Institut Rom (Italy)
James M.L. Newhard, Associate Professor of Classics, College of Charleston
(USA)
Carole E. Newlands, Professor of Classics, University of Wisconsin, Madison
(USA)
Andrew G. Nichols, Visiting Lecturer of Classics, University of Florida
(USA)
Jessica L. Nitschke, Assistant Professor of Classics, Georgetown University
(USA)
John Maxwell O'Brien, Professor of History, Queens College, City University
of New York (USA)
James J. O'Hara, Paddison Professor of Latin, The University of North
Carolina, Chapel Hill (USA)
Martin Ostwald, Professor of Classics (ret.), Swarthmore College and
Professor of Classical Studies (ret.), University of Pennsylvania (USA)
Olga Palagia, Professor of Classical Archaeology, University of Athens
(Greece)
Beata M. Kitsikis Panagopoulos, Professor of Art History, Retired, San Jose
State University, Caifornia (USA)
Christos Panayides, Associate Professor of Philosophy, University of
Nicosia, (Cyprus)
Vassiliki Panoussi, Associate Professor of Classical Studies, The College
of William and Mary (USA)
Maria C. Pantelia, Professor of Classics, University of California, Irvine
(USA)
Pantos A.Pantos, Adjunct Faculty, Department of History, Archaeology and
Social Anthropology, University of Thessaly (Greece)
Eleni Papaefthymiou, Curator of the Numismatic Collection of the Foundation
of the Hellenic World (Greece)
Maria Papaioannou, Assistant Professor in Classical Archaeology, University
of New Brunswick (Canada)
Anthony J. Papalas, Professor of Ancient History, East Carolina University
(USA)
Nassos Papalexandrou, Associate Professor, The University of Texas at
Austin (USA)
Polyvia Parara, Visiting Assistant Professor of Greek Language and
Civilization, Department of Classics, Georgetown University (USA)
Richard W. Parker, Associate Professor of Classics, Brock University
(Canada)
Robert Parker, Wykeham Professor of Ancient History, New College, Oxford
(UK)
Robert J. Penella, Professor and Chairman, Classics, Fordham University
(USA)
Anastasia-Erasmia Peponi, Associate Professor of Classics, Stanford
University (USA)
Jacques Perreault, Professor of Greek archaeology, Universite de Montreal,
Quebec (Canada)
Patrick Pfeil, magister artium Universität Leipzig, Alte Geschichte
(Germany)
Edward A. Phillips, Professor of Classics at Grinnell College (USA)
Yanis Pikoulas, Associate Professor of Ancient Greek History, University of
Thessaly (Greece)
Lefteris Platon, Assistant Professor of Archaeology, University of Athens
(Greece)
John Pollini, Professor of Classical Art & Archaeology, University of
Southern California (USA)
David Potter, Arthur F. Thurnau Professor of Greek and Latin. The
University of Michigan (USA)
Daniel Potts, Edwin Cuthbert Hall Professor of Middle Eastern Archaeology,
University of Sydney (Australia)
Robert L. Pounder, Professor Emeritus of Classics, Vassar College (USA)
Nikolaos Poulopoulos, Assistant Professor in History and Chair in Modern
Greek Studies, McGill University (Canada)
Selene Psoma, Senior Lecturer of Ancient History, University of Athens
(Greece)
William H. Race, George L. Paddison Professor of Classics, University of
North Carolina at Chapel Hill (USA)
John T. Ramsey, Professor of Classics, University of Illinois at Chicago
(USA)
Christian R. Raschle, Assistant Professor of Roman History, Centre d’Etudes
Classiques & Departement d'Histoire, Université de Montreal (Canada)
Karl Reber, Professor of Classical Archaeology, University of Lausanne
(Switzerland)
Gary Reger, Professor of History Trinity College, Connecticut (USA)
Rush Rehm, Professor of Classics and Drama, Stanford University (USA)
Heather L. Reid, Professor of Philosophy, Morningside College (USA)
Christoph Reusser, Professor of Classical Archaeology, University of Zürich
(Switzerland)
Werner Riess, Associate Professor of Classics, The University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill (USA)
Dr Tracey E Rihll, Senior lecturer, Department of Classics, Ancient History
and Egyptology, Swansea University ( Wales, UK)
Robert H. Rivkin, Ancient Studies Department, University of Maryland
Baltimore County (USA)
Walter M. Roberts III, Assistant Professor of Classics, University of
Vermont (USA)
Barbara Saylor Rodgers, Professor of Classics, The University of Vermont
(USA)
Robert H. Rodgers. Lyman-Roberts Professor of Classical Languages and
Literature, University of Vermont (USA)
Guy MacLean Rogers, Kemper Professor of Classics and History, Wellesley
College (USA)
Roberto Romano, professore di ruolo (II level) di Civiltà bizantina e
Storia bizantina, Università "Federico II" di Napoli (Italy)
Nathan Rosenstein, Professor of Ancient History, The Ohio State University
(USA)
John C. Rouman, Professor Emeritus of Classics, University of New
Hampshire, (USA)
Dr. James Roy, Reader in Greek History (retired), University of Nottingham
(UK)
Steven H. Rutledge, Associate Professor of Classics, Department of
Classics, University of Maryland, College Park (USA)
Daniel J. Sahas, Professor Emeritus, University of Waterloo (Canada)
Christina A. Salowey, Associate Professor of Classics, Hollins University
(USA)
Pierre Sanchez, Professor of Ancient History, University of Geneva
(Switzerland)
Theodore Scaltsas, Professor of Ancient Greek Philosophy, University of
Edinburgh (UK)
Thomas F. Scanlon, Professor of Classics, University of California,
Riverside (USA)
Thomas Schäfer, Professor, Institut für Klassische Archäologie, Universität
Tübingen (Germany)
Bernhard Schmaltz, Prof. Dr. Archäologisches Institut der CAU, Kiel
(Germany)
Prof. Dr. Andras Schmidt-Colinet, Professor of Classical Archaeology,
University of Vienna (Austria)
Robert C. Schmiel, Prof. Emeritus of Greek & Roman Studies, University
of Calgary (Canada)
Rolf M. Schneider, Professor of Classical Archaeology,
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (Germany)
Joseph B. Scholten, PhD, Associate Director, Office of International
Programs/Affiliate Assoc. Prof. of Classics, University of Maryland, College Park
(USA)
Peter Scholz, Professor of Ancient History and Culture, University of
Stuttgart (Germany)
Christof Schuler, director, Commission for Ancient History and Epigraphy of
the German Archaeological Institute, Munich (Germany)
Paul D. Scotton, Assoociate Professor Classical Archaeology and Classics,
California State University Long Beach (USA)
Danuta Shanzer, Professor of Classics and Medieval Studies, The University
of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Fellow of the Medieval Academy of America
(USA)
James P. Sickinger, Associate Professor of Classics, Florida State
University (USA)
Athanasios Sideris, Ph.D., Head of the History and Archaeology Department,
Foundation of the Hellenic World, Athens (Greece)
G. M. Sifakis, Professor Emeritus of Classics, Aristotle University of
Thessaloniki & New York University (Greece & USA)
Christos Simelidis, British Academy Postdoctoral Fellow, Lincoln College,
University of Oxford (UK)
Henk W. Singor, Associate Professor of Ancient History Leiden University
(Netherlands)
Prof. Dr. Ulrich Sinn, Professor of Classical Archaeology, University of
Wurzburg (Germany)
Marilyn B. Skinner Professor of Classics, University of Arizona (USA)
Niall W. Slater, Samuel Candler Dobbs Professor of Latin and Greek, Emory
University (USA)
Peter M. Smith, Associate Professor of Classics, University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill (USA)
Dr. Philip J. Smith, Research Associate in Classical Studies, McGill
University (Canada)
Susan Kirkpatrick Smith Assistant Professor of Anthropology Kennesaw State
University (USA)
Antony Snodgrass, Professor Emeritus of Classical Archaeology, University
of Cambridge (UK)
Gina M. Soter, Lecturer IV, Classical Studies, The University of Michigan
(USA)
Slawomir Sprawski, Assistant Professor of Ancient History, Jagiellonian
University, Krakow (Poland)
Stylianos V. Spyridakis, Professor of Ancient History. University of
California, Davis (USA)
Theodosia Stefanidou-Tiveriou, Professor of Classical Archaeology,
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (Greece)
Rachel Sternberg, Associate Professor of Classics, Case Western Reserve
University (USA)
Dr. Tom Stevenson, Lecturer in Classics and Ancient History, University of
Queensland (Australia)
Andrew Stewart, Nicholas C. Petris Professor of Greek Studies, University
of California, Berkeley (USA)
Oliver Stoll, Univ.-Prof. Dr., Alte Geschichte/ Ancient History,
Universität Passau (Germany)
Richard Stoneman, Honorary Fellow, University of Exeter (UK)
Ronald Stroud, Klio Distinguished Professor of Classical Languages and
Literature Emeritus, University of California, Berkeley (USA)
Sarah Culpepper Stroup, Associate Professor of Classics, University of
Washington (USA)
Dr Panico J. Stylianou, Lecturer in Ancient History, Lady Margaret Hall,
University of Oxford (UK)
Thomas A. Suits, Emeritus Professor of Classical Languages, University of
Connecticut (USA)
Nancy Sultan, Professor and Director, Greek & Roman Studies, Illinois
Wesleyan University (USA)
Peter Michael Swan, Professor of History Emeritus, University of
Saskatchewan (Canada)
David W. Tandy, Professor of Classics, University of Tennessee (USA)
James Tatum, Aaron Lawrence Professor of Classics, Dartmouth College (USA)
Martha C. Taylor, Associate Professor of Classics, Loyola College in
Maryland (USA)
Petros Themelis, Professor Emeritus of Classical Archaeology, Athens
(Greece)
Eberhard Thomas, Priv.-Doz. Dr., Archäologisches Institut der Universität
zu Köln (Germany)
Michalis Tiverios, Professor of Classical Archaeology, Aristotle University
of Thessaloniki (Greece)
Michael K. Toumazou, Professor of Classics, Davidson College (USA)
Stephen V. Tracy, Professor of Greek and Latin Emeritus, Ohio State
University (USA)
Prof. Dr. Erich Trapp, Austrian Academy of Sciences/Vienna resp. University
of Bonn (Germany)
Christopher Trinacty, Keiter Fellow in Classics, Amherst College (USA)
Stephen M. Trzaskoma, Associate Professor of Classics, University of New
Hampshire (USA)
Vasiliki Tsamakda, Professor of Christian Archaeology and Byzantine History
of Art, University of Mainz (Germany)
Christopher Tuplin, Professor of Ancient History, University of Liverpool
(UK)
Yannis Tzifopoulos, Associate Professor of Ancient Greek and Epigraphy,
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (Greece)
Gretchen Umholtz, Lecturer, Classics and Art History, University of
Massachusetts, Boston (USA)
Panos Valavanis, Professor of Classical Archaeology, University of Athens
(Greece)
Eric R. Varner, Associate Professor, Departments of Classics and Art
History, Emory University, Atlanta (USA)
Athanassios Vergados, Visiting Assistant Professor of Classics, Franklin
& Marshall College (USA)
Frederik J. Vervaet, PhD, Lecturer in Ancient History. School of Historical
Studies The University of Melbourne (Australia)
Christina Vester, Assistant Professor of Classics, University of Waterloo
(Canada)
Dr. Zsolt Visy, Leiter Universität Pécs Lehrstuhl für Alte Geschichte und
Archäologie, Archäologisches Seminar (Hungary)
Emmanuel Voutiras, Professor of Classical Archaeology, Aristotle University
of Thessaloniki (Greece)
Speros Vryonis, Jr., Alexander S. Onassis Professor (Emeritus) of Hellenic
Civilization and Culture, New York University (USA)
Michael B. Walbank, Professor Emeritus of Greek, Latin & Ancient
History, The University of Calgary (Canada)
Dr. Irma Wehgartner, Curator of the Martin von Wagner Museum der
Universität Wurzburg (Germany)
Bonna D. Wescoat, Associate Professor, Art History and Ancient
Mediterranean Studies, Emory University (USA)
E. Hector Williams, Professor of Classical Archaeology, University of
British Columbia (Canada)
Peter James Wilson FAHA, William Ritchie Professor of Classics, The
University of Sydney (Australia)
Roger J. A. Wilson, Professor of the Archaeology of the Roman Empire, and
Director, Centre for the Study of Ancient Sicily, University of British
Columbia, Vancouver (Canada)
Engelbert Winter, Professor for Ancient History, University of Münster
(Germany)
Timothy F. Winters, Ph.D. Alumni Assn. Distinguished Professor of Classics
Austin Peay State University (USA)
Ioannis Xydopoulos, Assistant Professor in Ancient History, Aristotle
University of Thessaloniki (Greece)
David C. Young, Professor of Classics Emeritus, University of Florida (USA)
Katerina Zacharia, Associate Professor and Chair, Department of Classics
& Archaeology, Loyola Marymount University (USA)
Michael Zahrnt, Professor für Alte Geschichte, Universität zu Köln
(Germany)
Paul Zanker, Professor Emeritus of Classical Studies, University of Munich
(Germany)
Froma I. Zeitlin, Ewing Professor of Greek Language & Literature,
Professor of Comparative Literature, Princeton University (USA)
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